The copper and glass must be red hot in order to fuse. At that point, the fluid glass stones may be manipulated into patterns.

The process of many firings at high temperatures creates deep, tranparent colors.

The controlled process of applying powdered glass to the surface of the raw copper is also critical to achieving a rich transparent background color.

Roger Watson
The beauty of copper enameling is in the combination of the
jewel-like colors and the way it contours to each of the
differently shaped bowls.